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attenuated vaccine
An attenuated vaccine is a vaccine created by reducing the virulence of a pathogen, but still keeping it viable (or "live"). Attenuation takes an infectious agent and alters it so that it becomes harmless or less virulent. These vaccines contrast to those produced by "killing" the virus (inactivated vaccine).
==Examples==
Examples of "live" (example attenuated) vaccines include:
*Viral: measles vaccine, mumps vaccine, rubella vaccine, Live attenuated influenza vaccine (the seasonal flu nasal spray and the 2009 H1N1 flu nasal spray), chicken pox vaccine, oral polio vaccine (Sabin), rotavirus vaccine, and yellow fever vaccine. Rabies vaccines are now available in two different attenuated forms, one for use in humans, and one for animal usage.
*Bacterial: BCG vaccine,〔 typhoid vaccine and epidemic typhus vaccine.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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